英語口語中的吞音、連讀是什麼?提高聽力和口語的必經之路!
老外在講英語的時候會存在很多的發音現象,比如吞音和連讀,就是比較常見的兩種口語現象,如果不瞭解這些發音規則,就很容易出現聽不懂、講不清楚的問題,因此在開始英語口語練習之前,瞭解一些發音現象對我們的學習會更有幫助。
一、吞音
失去爆破6個爆破音有3對/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/
失去爆破,又叫不完全爆破,就是在某些情況下,只須做出發音的準備,但並不發音,稍稍停頓後就發後面的音。
1)“爆破音+爆破音”型
6個爆破音【t、d、k、g、p、b】中的任意2個相臨時,前一箇爆破音會失去爆破,即由相關的發音器官做好這個發音的姿勢,稍做停頓後即發後面的爆破音。
e.g. The girl in there(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.
The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full ofpeople.
Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?
This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.
The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.
We’re going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.
What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck)coffee?
You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.
I bought a chea(p) book, but it’s a goo(d)book.
2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音,其後緊跟着某些摩擦音(如/f/,/s/,/W/,/T/等),那麼前面那個爆破音僅有十分輕微的爆破,而後面那個摩擦音則要完全爆破。
e.g. Goo(d) morning,Mr. Bell.
Goo(d)bye, dear.
Uncle Sam’s fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to thecinema.
I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night.
The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te)difficult.
Goo(d) luck, Alice.
二、連讀
1)“輔音+元音”型連讀
在同一個意羣裏,如果相鄰兩詞中的前一箇詞是以輔音結尾,後一箇詞是以元音開頭,這就要將輔音與元音拼起來連讀。
e.g. I would like toeat~an~ apple.
It~is~an~old bike.
Let me have~a look~at~it.
I was born~in~England.
Not~at~all.
2)“r/re+元音”型連讀
如果前一箇詞是以-r或者-re結尾,後一箇詞是以元音開頭,這時的r或re不但要發/r/,而且還要與後面的元音拼起來連讀。
e.g. He searchedfor~it here~and there.
There~is a dog under~it.
There~are some books on the desk.
Here~is a letter for you.
But where~is my cup?
但是,如果一箇音節的前後都有字母r,即使後面的詞以元音開頭,也不能連讀。
e.g. The blackclouds are coming nearer and nearer.(nearer與and不可連讀)
3)“輔音+半元音”型連讀
英語語音中的/j/和/w/是半元音,如果前一箇詞是以輔音結尾,後一箇詞是以半元音,特別是/j/開頭,此時也要連讀。
e.g. Thank~you.
Nice to meet~you.
Did~you get there late~again?
Would~you like~a cup~of tea?
Could~you help me, please?
注意: —常把/d/+/j/讀成/dʒ/,didyou聽上成了/dIdʒu/,would you成了/wudʒu/,could you成了/kudʒu/。
4)“元音+元音”型連讀如果前一箇詞以元音結尾,後一箇詞以元音開頭,這兩個音往往也要自然而不間斷地連讀到一起。
e.g. I~am Chinese.
He~is very friendly to me.
She wants to study~English.
How~and why did you come here?
She can’t carry~it.
5)當短語或從句之間按意羣進行停頓時,意羣與意羣之間即使有兩個相鄰的輔音與元音出現,也不可連讀。
e.g. Is~it a~hat ora cat?(hat與or之間不可以連讀)
There~is~a good book in my desk. (book與in之間不可以連讀)
Can you speak~English or French? (English與or之間不可以連讀)
She opened the door and walked~in. (door與and之間不可以連讀)